What is the largest and oldest independent health insurance provider in the U.S.?

The largest and oldest independent health insurance provider in the U.S. is Blue Cross/Blue Shield. This organization has a long history dating back to the early 20th century, with Blue Cross being established for hospital services and Blue Shield for physician services. Together, they became a significant player in the American health insurance landscape. The Blue Cross/Blue Shield system encompasses numerous independent community-based companies that operate as affiliates, giving it a vast reach across the country.

In contrast, while providers like Cigna, Aetna, and UnitedHealthcare are major players in the health insurance market, they do not have the same foundational history or the extensive network of independent affiliates that Blue Cross/Blue Shield possesses. The historical significance, along with its establishment as a cooperative of local organizations serving their communities, highlights its position as both the largest and oldest independent health insurance provider.